The Pragmatics of Bullying in Selected Political Speeches of Donald Trump

Fareed Hameed Al-Hindawi, Mariam D. Saffah, Akram Nadhim Raheem

Abstract


It is suggested that bullying refers to an interpersonal interaction which is marked by an aggressive behaviour carried out by one party against another. It is characterized by imbalance of power between the persons concerned. Bullying is ubiquitous in political arena where political leaders and candidates frequently resort to utilizing different strategies of bullying in order to attack their rivals and create a positive image for themselves which enables them to achieve their goals. Pragmatically, this issue has not been given its due attention. Thus, this study constitutes a try at bridging this gap in the literature via answering the questions below: What are the functions of bullying produced in the data under study? What are the types of bullying resorted to by Donald Trump? What are the pragmatic structure of bullying produced in the data under scrutiny? And what are the pragmatic strategies utilized by Donald Trump to bully his victims?


Keywords


Bullying; definitions, types; functions; pragmatics; political speeches; bullying strategies

Full Text:

PDF

References


Andersson, L., & Pearson, C. (1999). Tit for Tat? The Spiraling Effect of Incivility in the Workplace. Academy of Management Review, 24(3), 452-71.

Atkinson, M. (1984). Our Masters’ Voices. London: Methuen and Co.

Chen, G. M. (2017). Online Incivility and Public Debate. Austin: Palgrave.

Coe, K., & Rains, S. (2014). Online and Uncivil? Patterns and Determinants of Incivility in Newspaper Website Comments. Journal of Communication, 64, 658-679.

Culpeper, J. (1996). Towards an anatomy of impoliteness. Journal of Pragmatics, 25, 349-67.

Culpeper, J. (1996). Impoliteness: Using Language to Cause Offence. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Einarsen, S. (1999). The Nature and Causes of Bullying. International Journal of Manpower, 20, 16-27.

Einarsen, S., Hoel, H., Zapf, D. and Cooper, C. (2003). The Concept of Bullying at Work: The European Tradition. In Einarsen, S., Hoel, H., Zapf, D. & Cooper, C. (Eds.). Bullying and Emotional Abuse in the Workplace. London: Taylor and Francis Group.

Gladden, R., Vivolo-Kantor, A., Hamburger, M. and Lumpkin, C. (2014). Bullying Surveillance among Youths: Unifor Definitions for Public Health and Recommended Data Elements. Atlanta: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control.

Gordon, S. (2019). How the Bullying Tactics of Politicians Use Affect Kids. Available from https://www.verywellfamily.com/5-bullying-tactics-politicians-use-and-how-it-impacts-kids4080749)

Lakoff, R. (2017). The hollow man. Donald Trump, populism and post-truth politics. Journal of Language and Politics, 16(4), 595-606.

Mey, Jacob. (2001). Pragmatics: An Introduction. Oxford: Blackwell.

Nithyanand, B., Schaffner, B. and Gill, P. (2017). Online Political Discourse in the Trump Era.

Oade, R. (2009). Managing Workplace Bullying. London: Palgrave.

Olweus, D. (1993). Bullying at School. Oxford: Blackwell.

Smith, P., & Sharp, S. (1994). School Bullying. London: Routledge.

Swearer, S., & Hymel, S. (2015). Understanding the Psychology of Bullying. American Psychologist, 70(4), 344-353.

Van Eemeren, F., & Houtlosser, P. (2002). Strategic Maneuvering: Maintaining a Delicate Balance. In Van Eemeren, F. and Houtlosser, P. (Eds.) Dialectic and Rhetoric: The Warp and Woof of Argumentative Analysis. Dordrecht: Springer.

York, C. (2013). Cultivating Political Incivility: Cable News, Network News, and Public Perceptions. Electronic News, 7(3), 107-125.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies
ISSN 1305-578X (Online)
Copyright © 2005-2022 by Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies